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Brain decoding based on functional magnetic resonance imaging has recently enabled the identification of visual perception and mental states. However, due to the limitations of sample size and the lack of an effective reconstruction model, accurate reconstruction of natural images is still a major challenge. The current, rapid development of deep learning models provides the possibility of overcoming these obstacles. Here, we propose a deep learning-based framework that includes a latent feature extractor, a latent feature decoder, and a natural image generator, to achieve the accurate reconstruction of natural images from brain activity. The latent feature extractor is used to extract the latent features of natural images. The latent feature decoder predicts the latent features of natural images based on the response signals from the higher visual cortex. The natural image generator is applied to generate reconstructed images from the predicted latent features of natural images and the response signals from the visual cortex. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations were conducted with test images. The results showed that the reconstructed image achieved comparable, accurate reproduction of the presented image in both high-level semantic category information and low-level pixel information. The framework we propose shows promise for decoding the brain activity.
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Objective:To evaluate the quality of the current foreign clinical practice guidelines (CPG) on obstetric venous thromboembolism (VTE), providing reference for standardizing the prevention and treatment of domestic VTE clinical practice.Methods:The GPGs for the management of obstetric VTE published abroad from inception to July 2020 were electronically searched. Two researchers independently evaluated the quality of the included guidelines in accordance with the internationally recognized guideline evaluation tool, AGREE Ⅱ.Results:A total of 12 guidelines, 2 recommendations and 1 consensus for obstetric VTE were included, covering 3 continents and 9 countries, and the published time span was 2009-2020. The standardized scores of the six domain (scope & purpose, stakeholder involvement, rigor of development, clarity of presentation, applicability and editorial independence) included in the guidelines were: 99.44%, 62.78%, 70.35%, 95.74%, 68.80% and 76.94% respectively, and the scores in each domain were ≥ 50.00%, indicating that the included CPGs were of good quality. Except for the domain scope & purpose, the ranges of the other five domains were ≥ 50.00%, suggesting that the quality of the CPGs differed significantly. Among the 15 included CPGs, 4 CPGs were level A (recommended), 11 CPGs were level B (recommended after being revised), and there was no CPG in level C (not recommended). The difference in the recommended content of obstetric VTE management mainly focused on the risk assessment, drug type, dosage and period.Conclusions:The overall quality of the CPGs for obstetric VTE management is high, while the quality of the CPGs varies greatly. In addition, there are differences in the recommended content of obstetric VTE management. More high-quality researches are required to provide evidence-based support for the improvement of the CPGs.
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Objective:To compare the disinfection effect of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle stopper by central sterilization method and groove central sterilization method, and to explore the best method of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle cap disinfection.Methods:A total of 1 088 bottles of three-pore polypropylene infusion bottles from 10 hospitals in Panzhihua City and the surrounding areas of Chengdu were selected for disinfection, and the effects were compared by fluorescent powder tracing method and bacterial culture method respectively. The two methods were divided into two groups: bottle stopper Central Sterilization group and groove Central Sterilization group. Each nurse sterilized two groups of liquid.Results:The total area of fluorescent powder residues after disinfection of 272 bottles of infusion bottles with different specifications M( P 25, P 75) was 0.26 (0, 2.51). The total area of fluorescent powder residues M( P 25, P 75) was 15 (8, 24). There were significant differences in the residual area of fluorescent powder between the two groups after liquid bottle disinfection ( Z=-17.31, P<0.01). Thirty-four positive specimens of bacteria culture, 68 bacterial colonies and 158 bottles of infusion bottles were disinfected by central sterilization of 160 bottles. There were 15 positive samples and 30 colonies of bacteria cultured in the bottle disinfected by groove central disinfection method ( χ 2=2.773, P<0.05). Conclusion:The groove center disinfection method is the best disinfection method for the bottle stopper of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle.
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Objective:To investigate the roles of T helper 17(Th17)cells and regulatory T(Treg)cells, interleukin(IL)-17 levels, and IL-6 levels in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)complicated with Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection in children. Methods:Children diagnosed with acute HSP and/or HP infection by the Department of Pediatrics, Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in the study.There were 15 children with HSP complicated with HP infection(HSP-HP group), 26 children with HSP(HSP group), and 21 children with HP infection(HP group). Twenty healthy children of the same age over the same period were included in the healthy control group.The proportions of Th17 cells and Treg cells were tes-ted by flow cytometry(FCM), and concentrations of IL-17 and IL-6 in plasma were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:(1)Compared with that of the healthy control group [(1.42±0.63)%], the proportion of Th17 cells in the HSP-HP group, HSP group and HP group [(2.79±0.78)%, (2.04±0.77)%, (2.08±0.86)%] was significantly increased( F=5.271, P<0.05). The levels of IL-17 and IL-6 in the HSP-HP group [(552.16±121.13) ng/L and (12.36±6.55) ng/L], HSP group [(506.39±113.62) ng/L and(11.82±5.01) ng/L] and HP group [(483.14±121.77) ng/L and (10.19±3.87) ng/L] were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group [(302.96±82.83) ng/L and (7.81±2.04) ng/L]( F=13.113, 6.692, all P<0.01). The proportion of Treg cells in the HSP-HP group [(1.35±0.49)%], HSP group [(1.13±0.86)%] and HP group [(1.09±0.65)%] was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group [(2.31±0.83)%]( F=6.983, P<0.05). (2)The proportion of Th17 cells and the level of IL-17 in the HSP-HP group were significantly higher than those in the HSP and HP groups(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of Th17 cells and the level of IL-17 between the HSP group and HP group(all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of Treg cells and the level of IL-6 among the HSP-HP group, HSP group, and HP group(all P>0.05). Conclusions:The imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in peripheral blood may contribute to the development of HSP-HP, HSP and HP infection in children.High expression of Th17 cells and their related IL-17 is more prominent in children with HSP-HP.
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Objective@#To compare the disinfection effect of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle stopper by central sterilization method and groove central sterilization method, and to explore the best method of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle cap disinfection.@*Methods@#A total of 1 088 bottles of three-pore polypropylene infusion bottles from 10 hospitals in Panzhihua City and the surrounding areas of Chengdu were selected for disinfection, and the effects were compared by fluorescent powder tracing method and bacterial culture method respectively. The two methods were divided into two groups: bottle stopper Central Sterilization group and groove Central Sterilization group. Each nurse sterilized two groups of liquid.@*Results@#The total area of fluorescent powder residues after disinfection of 272 bottles of infusion bottles with different specifications M(P25, P75) was 0.26 (0, 2.51). The total area of fluorescent powder residues M(P25, P75) was 15 (8, 24). There were significant differences in the residual area of fluorescent powder between the two groups after liquid bottle disinfection (Z=-17.31, P<0.01). Thirty-four positive specimens of bacteria culture, 68 bacterial colonies and 158 bottles of infusion bottles were disinfected by central sterilization of 160 bottles. There were 15 positive samples and 30 colonies of bacteria cultured in the bottle disinfected by groove central disinfection method (χ2=2.773, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The groove center disinfection method is the best disinfection method for the bottle stopper of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle.
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BACKGROUND@#Due in part to remarkable advances over the past decade in our understanding of lung cancer, there is a pressing need for a revised classification. The aim of this study was to explore and verify the clinical significance of a new molecular classification of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the basis of anatomic site of bronchial tree.@*METHODS@#Double-immunohistochemistry were performed in 105 tumor samples paring with normal lung tissue from non-small cell lung cancer patients by using monoclonal antibody of P63/NapsinA and TTF-1/CK7. By comprehensively analyzing the express profiles of tumors and normal lung tissues, histological characteristics we proposed a brand new pathological classification based on histogenesis for NSCLC and divided them as: bronchiole epithelial cell carcinoma, bronchiole-alveolar cell carcinoma, alveolar cell carcinoma and secretory adenocarcinoma. And to analyze the relationship between this classification and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and ognosis.@*RESULTS@#Further investigation revealed that our new classification showed strong relevancy with EGFR mutations and effective indicators for prognosis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The classification system for NSCLC proposed by our research group is convenient for pathological diagnosis and valuable in clinical application.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bronchi , Pathology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Classification , Pathology , Lung Neoplasms , Classification , PathologyABSTRACT
To study the abnormal distribution of type Ⅳ collagen and laminin chains in glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in membranous nephropathy (MN).Methods 52 cases of MN were collected and staged according to electron microscopic morphological characteristics,and 10 cases of kidney tissues of minimal change disease were used as normal GBM control.Distribution pattern of or5 (Ⅳ) chain,laminin α5and β2 chains,and laminin α2 and β1 chains were detected using immunofluorescence method.Results In minimal change disease,α5 (Ⅳ) chain,laminin α5 and β2 chains all showed continuously linear positive expression along GBM,and laminin α2 and β1 chains were negatively expressed in GBM.In stage Ⅰ MN,α5 (Ⅳ) chain,laminin α.5 and β2 chains all showed continuous linear positive expression along GBM.In stage ⅡMN,the expression of α5 (Ⅳ) chain was increased and showed abundant spikes on the basis of continuous linear positive staining along GBM,and the expression of laminin α5 and β2chains was increased,and segmental spikes were seen on the basis of continuous linear positive staining along GBM.In stage ⅢMN,the expression of α5 (Ⅳ),laminin α5 and β2 chains was also enhanced and segmental double tracks were seen.The expression of laminin α2 chain was negative in GBM in stage ⅠMN,but granular positive expression along GBM was seen in stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ MN.No positive expression of laminin β1chain was seen in GBM in different stages in MN.Conclusion The GBM thickness in MN originates not only from intrinsic type Ⅳ collagen chains and laminin chains,but also from laminin α2chain,which only exist in glomerulus mesangium in normal condition.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of modified Xiaoyao Powder combined with abdominal needling for conducting fire back to its source for the treatment of swallowing dysfunction in Parkinson's disease, and to explore a more effective therapy for swallowing dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Methods Forty-two Parkinson's disease patients suffering from swallowing dysfunction were divided into treatment group and control group, 21 cases in each group. The patients in both groups received routine swallowing function training. In addition to the training, the treatment group was treated with modified Xiaoyao Powder combined with abdominal needling for conducting fire back to its source, and the control group was given conventional western medicine of Domperidone and Levodopa Benserazide Hydrochloride. After treatment for 3 weeks, we compared the dysphagia scores and effective rate of the two groups. Results (1) All of the patients in the treatment group completed the trial, but 2 cases of the control group dropped out. Therefore, a total of 40 cases completed the trial. (2) The dysphagia scores of the two groups were much improved after treatment (P<0.01 compared with those before treatment) , and the improvement of the treatment group was superior to that of the control group (P < 0.05). (3) After treatment for 3 weeks, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.24% and that of the control group was 52 . 63%, and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(P<0.01).(4) Gastrointestinal reaction occurred in 3 cases(one from the treatment group and 2 from the control group) , but there were no other side effects found in both groups. Conclusion Modified Xiaoyao Powder combined with abdominal needling for conducting fire back to its source is more effective for the treatment of swallowing dysfunction in Parkinson's disease than routine western medicine treatment.
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Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of total alkaloids from lotus seed on human hepatoma HepG2 cells.Methods: The effect of total alkaloids from lotus seed on the growth of HepG2 cells was studied by CCK-8 kit.The apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells was detected by flow cytometry.Results: When the action time was the same, with the increase of drug concentration, the inhibitory rate of total alkaloids from lotus seed on HepG2 cells increased, in a dose-dependent manner.At 72 h, the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of total alkaloids from lotus seed on HepG2 cells was 1.501 μg·ml-1.At the same concentration, the inhibitory rate of the total alkaloids from lotus seed on HepG2 cells increased with the extension of the action time.At 72 h, the inhibition rate of 10 μg·ml-1 total alkaloids from lotus seed reached 72%.After treated with the total alkaloids from lotus seed at different concentrations, the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with the blank control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells was 85.6% treated with 20 μg·ml-1 total alkaloids from lotus seed.Conclusion: The total alkaloids from lotus seed can induce cell apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells.
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Dipeptidyl peptidase IVW (DDPIVW), also known as CD26, is a protease with a variety of biological functions, which is involved in signal transduction and activation of immune cells. The abnormal expression and activation of CD26 are closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. In some tumors, the expression level of CD26 decreases with the disease progression, suggesting that CD26 is a tumor suppressor. On the other hand, CD26 has also been described as a protein related to the invasion of malignant tumor, involved in the regulation of cell malignant phenotypes such as proliferation, migration and adhesion, as well as the related pathological processes, so CD26 is considered to be a marker of malignant tumor and cancer stem cells. Therefore, CD26 is closely associated with the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of tumors. In this article, the research progress in CD26 and the relevant tumors in recent years is reviewed to provide the theoretical basis for the application of CD26 in clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation of tumors.
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Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of CD26 expression in endometrial carcinoma (EC) by testing CD26 expression in normal proliferative phase, in secretory phase, and in the tissues of different pathological grades of EC;and by investigating the solu-ble CD26 (sCD26) expression in the serum of non-EC patients and EC patients. Methods:Endometrial tissue specimens were collected from patients who received diagnostic curettage or surgical treatment for other reasons in the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong Universi-ty from January 2014 to December 2015. The above endometrial specimens, included 30 specimens of normal proliferative phase, 30 specimens of secretory phase, and 120 type I EC tissue samples of G1, G2, and G3 grades. The expression of CD26 among these speci-mens were detected by immunohistochemistry. After the expression level of the CD26 protein was verified at the tissue, we continued to collect blood specimens from the outpatients. These patients received physical examination, and included healthy women of child-bearing age and type I EC patients. The patients received treatment in our hospital from January 2016 to September 2017. Of the blood samples collected, 20 cases were in proliferative phase and 20 cases were in secretory phase. Samples were also collected from patients with different grades of EC, including 20 cases of type I EC G1 grades, 20 cases of G2 grades, and 15 cases of G3 grades. The expression level of sCD26 in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:According to the results of immunohistochemistry, the order of the CD26 expression levels in normal endometrial tissues were as follows:secretory phase>prolif-erative phase, with a statistically significant difference observed among these groups (P<0.05). The order of the CD26 expression level among different type 1 EC grades were as follows: G3>G2>G1, with statistically significant differences also observed among these groups (P<0.05). The results of ELISA suggested that the expression level of CD26 in serum was associated with tumor progression, with statistically significant differences observed among the groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:The expression of CD26 in EC tissue and se-rum is associated with disease progression. The expression of CD26 in serum could be used as a marker for the diagnosis of EC.
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Nuciferine is a major aporphine alkaloid in the leaves of Nelumbo nueifera. It has great effects such as lipid-lowering,anti-oxidation,antimicrobial activitity and anti-cancer. The review focused on its pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetic characters reported in recent years,which can be helpful to the further researches on nuciferine.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between serum homocysteine(Hcy) ,folic Acid ,vitamin B12 ,ferritin levels and cerebral infarction ,and provide a new way for prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction .Methods Forty -eight hospital‐ized patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease who were in the neurology ward department of the hospital from April 2012 to November 2014 were enrolled in the study as cerebral infarction group .Meanwhile ,30 healthy elderly patients were recruited ran‐domly as a healthy control group during the same period .There was no significant difference in sex and age between the two groups .People with other diseases were excluded .Hospitalized patients were diagnosed within 24 -72 hours and received CT and MRI scan and other related auxiliary examination after being admitted to hospital .All these patients underwent plasma Hcy ,folic acid ,vitamin B12 ,ferritin level tests which were determined by using chemiluminescence and radioimmunoassay .SPSS17 .0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis ,and the correlation between Hcy ,folic acid ,vitamin B12 ,ferritin and cerebral infarction were analyzed .Results The plasma Hcy and ferritin levels in cerebral infarction group were higher than those in control group ,and the difference is significant(P<0 .05) .Meanwhile ,folic acid ,vitamin B12 levels in cerebral infarction group were lower than those in control group and the difference was significant(P<0 .05) .There were significant differences in levels of Hcy ,folic acid ,vitamin B12 ,ferritin between groups of different cerebral infarction levels .Conclusion Detections of serum Hcy ,folic acid ,vitamin B12 and ferritin could be of important clinical value in cerebral infarction .
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Objective:To compare the inhibitory effect of neferine and isoliensinine on 5α-reductase to provide reference for the development of 5α-reductase inhibitors. Methods: Different reaction tubes and control tubes were prepared, liver was homogenated, and reducing coenzyme II ( NADPH) , testosterone, pending test sample, the positive drug and buffer was respectively added into 96-well plates. The change in the absorbance of NADPH at 340nm in 1h was determined by a microplate reader. Compared the experimen-tal group with the blank control group, the inhibition rate ( I%) of the test drugs against 5α-reductase was calculated. Results:As for the six concentration gradients (2-40 mg·ml-1 ) in the experiments, the best inhibitory concentration of neferine and isoliensinine was 10 mg·ml-1(I% =25.00 ±1.030% and 29.90 ±2.410%, respectively). Compared with the control group, neferine and isoliensi-nine showed significant inhibition against 5α-reductase (P<0. 05). Compared with the positive group at the same concentration (10 mg ·ml-1), the inhibition of neferine and isoliensinine was significantly lower (P<0. 05). The inhibition effect of isoliensinine was rel-atively better than that of neferine (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Neferine and isoliensininein have notable inhibitory effect on 5α-reduc-tase, which show certain application prospect in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia in clinics.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of a patient with mixed gonadal dysgenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data was collected. The patient was subjected for serum hormone testing and G-banding chromosomal analysis. Sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY) gene and azoospermia factor (AZF) a, b, c regions were analyzed with multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and whole gene sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All serum hormone testing were normal. The karyotype of the patient was 45,X/46,X,Yqh-. PCR has proven the presence of SRY, ZFY and AZFa, and deletion of AZFb and AZFc regions. No mutation was detected in the sequence of the SRY gene. Abdominal computerized tomography has detected a huge mass in the pelvic cavity, which was positive for PLAP and CD117 on immunohistochemistry stain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on clinical data and result of genetic testing, the patient was diagnosed with mixed gonadal dysgenesis. Pathological and immunohistochemistry analysis of the transformed gland has confirmed the diagnosis of seminoma. For patient with a karyotype of 45,X/46,X,Yqh-, the risk of seminoma may be related with the presence of SRY gene.</p>
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Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Chromosome Banding , Chromosomes, Human, Y , Genetics , Genes, sry , Gonadal Dysgenesis, Mixed , Diagnosis , Genetics , Sex Determination AnalysisABSTRACT
Objective To explore the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of Ki-67,Arg-1,HepPar-1 and Glypican-3 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and benign hepatocellular lesions.Methods A total of 118 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinomas,100 cases of benign hepatocellular lesions and 263 cases malignant carcinomas originated from other organs were adopted in this study.Immunohistochemistry of Ki-67,Arg-1,HepPar-1 and Gly-3 were performed and evaluated in all specimens.Results The expressions of Ki-67 were concordant with the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinomas and the difference between primary hepatocellular carcinomas and benign hepatocellular lesions were statistically significant (P ＜0.01).The combination of Arg-1 + HepPar-1 + Glypican-3 had the most sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis between primary hepatocellular and metastatic malignant cancers,while the combination of Ki-67 + Glypican-3 + Arg-1 showed the better diagnostic value in primary hepatocellular carcinomas and benign lesions.Conclusions The application of different immunohistochemical antibody spectra in primary liver cancers could efficiently improve diagnostic accuracy and reliability.
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Objective:To establish an HPLC method to determine the entrapment efficiency of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) nan-oparticles in different entrapping systems .Methods:Free BSO was separated from the loaded nanoparticles by high speed centrifugation in two entrapping systems and the entrapment efficiency of buthionine sulfoximine nanoparticles was determined by HPLC .A WondaSil C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used and the mobile phase was methanol-water (20 ∶80).The flow rate was 0.4 ml· min-1 and the column temperature was 30℃.The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm and the volume of injection was 20 μl.Re-sults:BSO had a good linear relationship within the range of 2.0-320.0μg· ml-1(r=0.999 7).The average recovery was 101.05%and RSD was 0.74%(n=9).The average entrapment efficiency of HP/CaCO3/CaHPO4/BSO nanoparticles and HP/PS/CaCO3/BSO hydrid nanovesicles was 25.63% and 58.62%, respectively.Conclusion:The method has good repeatability and high accuracy and sensitivity, which is applicable to determine the entrapment efficiency of BSO nanoparticles .HP/PS/CaCO3/BSO hydrid nanovesicles entrapped system is superior to HP/CaCO3/CaHPO4/BSO nanoparticles entrapped system .
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Objective:To investigate the protective effects of neferine on lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs) injury. Methods:The optimum inducing concentration of LPS was screened out through pretests and used for the model establishment of HUVECs damage. CCK8 was used to detect the influence of neferine at different concentrations on LPS-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs) injury. Nitric oxide ( NO) content was measured by the Griess Reagent method. The nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) activity was assessed by the commercially available kits. Results:The inhibitory rate of HU-VECs was 54. 50% detected by CCK8, which induced by LPS at the concentration of 100 μg·ml-1(P<0. 01). Neferine at the con-centrations of 0. 3-5. 0μmol·L-1 could increase the cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, while it inhibited the cell pro-liferation at the concentration of 10 μmol·L-1(P<0.05). Neferine could reverse the situation, and the NO release was increased and the tNOS/iNOS activity was increased induced by LPS (P<0. 05). The results shown by the inverted microscope suggested that the floating dead cells were decreased, the cell shape was basically sound and tightly packed with the concentration increase of neferine (0. 3-5. 0μmol·L-1) in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion:The results show that neferine has protective effects on HU-VECs injury induced by LPS, and the mechanism may be related with the decrease of intracellular levels of NO and NOS activity.
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Objective To compare the antioxidant activity between phenolic and nonphenolic alkaloids in Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn.in vitro. Methods DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging, super oxygen anion from oxidation, reducing power and beta carotene bleaching test methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the alkaloids. Results Half maximalinhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) of DPPH among total alkaloid, phenolic alkaloids and nonphenolic alkaloids was 21.89, 27.10 and 32.87 μg·mL-1 , respectively;IC50 of ABTS free radicals was 14.25, 20.55, 25.94μg·mL-1;The hydroxyl radical scavenging IC50 was 0.03, 0.03, 0.08 μg·mL-1; The auto-oxidation rate of super oxygen was 8.72×10-4, 5.87×10-4, 6.68× 10-4;The total alkaloid had the best reducing power, while the non-phennolic alakloids had the worst; Lipid inhibition rate of three alkaloids were 89.63%, 85.85% and 83.78% respectively. Conclusion Phenolic alkaloids are better than non-phenolic alkaloids in hydroxyl radical scavenging, reducing power and anti-lipid peroxidation, resulting in a promising prospect.
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BACKGROUND:Compared with hydroxyapatite materials and other nano-hydroxyapatite composites, carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composites have been significantly improved in the mechanical strength, toughness, elastic modulus and other aspects. It can be used for repairing bone defects of loading parts. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biocompatibility of carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composites in bone tissues. METHODS:Eight Bama mini pigs were taken to establish models of thoracic vertebral defects and implanted with carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composites. At 8, 16 and 24 weeks after implantation,the animals were sacrificed, respectively, for bone mineral density detection and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Blood samples for kidney and liver function tests were taken before and 1 and 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining of bone samples showed that the materials could bond with the bone defect interface without rejection, and could induce osteogenesis of chondrocytes. At 8 weeks after surgery, the broken ends of cancelous bone closed and the composite material was wrapped by granulation tissues. At 16 weeks after surgery, granulation tissues were organized and new bone developed directly from fibroblast cels. The new bone tissues were nearly fused with the end of cancelous bone. At 24 weeks after surgery, new bone tissue became mature lamelar bone, and the end of cancelous bone was connected tightly with the composite material. Bone mineral density of the implanted vertebra showed an increase trend at 8, 16 and 24 weeks after implantation. Over time, the bone mass was increased. The liver and kidney function tests showed that there was no significant difference before and after implantation. It is preliminarily believed that the carbon fiber-reinforced nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 composite has excelent histocompatibility and bioactivity without hepatic toxicity and nephritic toxicity.